Notes:

Mansa Musa was the ruler of the Mali Empire and was the richest man to have ever lived.

When travelling through Egypt whilst conducting his Hajj pilgrimage, he gave away so much gold for free, to poor and rich alike, that literal, solid gold became worth less.

He created a recession by being too generous, and it took ten years for the price to return to normal.

This is the only time recorded in history that one man directly controlled the price of gold in the Mediterranean.