I'm about to TL;DR for all of you who usually await gifs in my posts, if someone actually reads this post, quote it or up-vote it or whatever, I seriously can't tell what's the right time for debate from my timezone…
Regarding the age matter most of us can't understand the fact that the planet ponies live on is NOT Earth, if Celestia controls the sun what makes you think their "Day" is the same length as ours? or for that matter what makes you think that their "Hour" refers to the exact same amount of time we call "Hour"?
Even the four seasons are different! if we are to assume that episodes are in chronological order, Winter precedes Spring(Winter wrap up) which in turn precedes Fall(Fall weather friends), and seemingly their are some sort of 2 winters each year(in Hearth Warming Eve it's snowing without mention of another winter wrap up)
I know that the most widely accepted theory is that the episodes are not ordered chronologically, but that doesn't change the fact that Celestia controls (more or less) the notion time!
Lauren Faust once mentioned that she originally planned ponies to live up to 50-60 years just like real horses, thus explaining the level of maturity the mane 6 posses.
physically they should be between 12 and 16 (earth)years old, which would equal 18-23 in horse-years(again earth).
There is a huge possibility that an Equestrian Year is as long as an Earth's Horse-year, which would make Granny smith 80 Equestrian years-old,and 50 years-old here on Earth!
Now I know this talk of a different world may sound ridiculous, but remember that even when we hear the ponies speak we are just hearing a translation of their language, their written letters may look vaguely Cyrillic, but by comparing the length of the written word and the length of the "Translation" we can deduct that this is in fact not a Human language.
Another example is their numbers.
So when we hear Twilight say "8 foot pole" keep in mind the following:
1. This sentence would have been pronounced in an entirely different matter if the ponies were actually speaking Equestrian. We are hearing the English translation of it.
2. The word Foot here is a simple approximation of their original measuring units to ours, they probably use Hoof as measuring unit. Real Life Example: Since my country uses the Metric system when a character in an American film says "100 Miles" the subtitles here says"160 KM".
3. Even their Numeral system should be different than ours! throughout human history the Decimal Numeral system was favored because of it's relation to our Ten digits, even in non-positional numeral systems such as Roman Numerals there was always special emphasis on the numbers 5 and 10, M C L X V (again the number of digits the human hand(s) possesses).
If I was to guess I'd say they'd use the Quaternary Numeral system seeing that they have 4 hooves, now I know you might say that if we are to count all limbs our base count should be 20 not 10, but remember Ponies call all their limbs "legs", whereas our limbs are specialized in different tasks.
and of course there is always the chance that they adopted their Numeral system from other civilizations, and that it could be Decimal (if the civilizations are Extinct Humans,Alien Humans,Dragons….etc etc) Numeral System migration did happened with us humans, so I'd say it's plausible if it happened with ponies.
Now regarding the Pony on our earth:
The picture you posted of a Rainbow Dash as a horse is as ridiculous as posting a picture of me as an ape and saying that's how I would look like in Equestria.
The Equestrian Pony refers to three sapient subspecies belonging to the Equidae family, separate from the Equus genus which our Horses belong to.
Just like how Humans belong in the Hominidae family but are the only species in the Homo genus.
as for what would I do with a pony, I can't emphasis this enough,
I would make INSTANT arrangements to move the pony OUT of Syria.
Even if it means giving him away to a laboratory somewhere safe, a battlefield is no where for a pony to exist, nor is it a good place for it to learn about my species, I'm staying in this place fully knowing that it could be the death of me, one of our family's friends lost seven of his brothers as well as his aunt, I do NOT need another life to worry about, especially not one as fragile as a pony's.
Again: please up-vote this post or quote it or write on my wall if you read it, I SERIOUSLY have no idea what is considered late night for all of you.
if I posted this in an inappropriate time I'll just copypasta it to the next debate.
[EDIT]
inb4 we over-analyze a cartoon for kids