This is a real thing, and apparently going to be mandatory in 2020. People get good scores for posting stuff that demonstrates they think along party lines, and get bad scores for things like buying foreign products or asking about things like Tiananmen Square. Good score means stuff like high internet speed, and while there aren't any punishments for bad scores, there's talk that this could change.
Now that already sounds bad, but here's where it turns scary. You see, your score is also influenced by your friends' scores, meaning friends with lots of points give you a boost while low-scoring friends drag you down. This basically means the game uses peer pressure to weed out and isolate the "problem citizens" while the government gets seen as awesome for providing free stuff.
Think about it-- if what you wrote on Facebook could not only be rewarded or punished by the government, by a set of criteria they chose, but additionally if people were rewarded for either no longer being your friend or encouraging you to be a "better citizen" if you were considered a "problem citizen", well, I'm sure you can imagine the potential for abuse.
Here's a link to the seven minute video I watched about it if you want to hear more: http://youtu.be/lHcTKWiZ8sI
Edit: Well, first impressions are this is real. Here's another source that covers the subject: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-34592186
Final Edit: Okay, I'm reasonably convinced this isn't a hoax now. Here's another article from someone who actually lives in China: http://qz.com/519737/all-chinese-citizens-now-have-a-score-based-on-how-well-we-live-and-mine-sucks/
So, yeah, while I'm mot sure if all the details are 100% spot on, this looks to be a real thing with, at the very least, plenty of room for abuse. Thoughts? Opinions? Speculations? Predictions?