The KGB was a state-within-a-state during the USSR. The KGB had privelages that no citizen and most policicans wouldn't even come close to having. Access to western goods, to western media, travel, pay, first to receive any food, luxury goods, basic goods etc. The KGB saw the end of the USSR a decade before it happened and it planned accordingly. Today the KGB is known by other names, but it still exists.
It is into this world of absolute privilege that Putin was recruited straight out of school. And it was this world that came close to collapse because of American optimism, idealism, and the spread of American style democracy.
If you look into Russian history, and especially Russian culture, the Russian character is continually highlighted by a massive inferiority complex. This complex creates great suspicion of foreign culture introduction to Russian society. Some of Russia's greatest literature has themes of anti-Western attitudes, and a near idealism of Russian folk-culture. Read Dostoevsky and you'd see the clear resentment towards the French language, mannerism, and culture infiltrating the aristocracy of Russia during the late 18th century, and 19th century.
When the Soviet Union collapsed, those in the upper echelons of the KGB realized that the gravy train was, for the meantime, over. Putin saw what Russia was transforming into, the poor handling of transition from a Communist regime to Market Economics, coupled with massive bureaucratic corruption created a massive problem in the 90s, for Russian citizens. Putin cashed in on the discontent, and the perceived failure of all-out Democratization of Russia.
The upper eschelons of Soviet Society to this day despise American idealism, and our culture. They don't care much for the idea that democracy, liberalism, and Westernization is spreading. They don't like the idea that their ideology is on the decline.
So in this context, Putin has clear goals: fix the demographic problems of Russia (for the most part annexation of Crimea/Georgia/Transistria was a great way in achieving this. The second issue is to dissolve the NATO alliance, which continuously undermines Russian foreign policy. The third major issue is to perpetually emberass the US, and ESPECIALLY undermine and embarrass the US version of democracy and our election system.
Putin is able to achieve this through a facade of being anti-Western, while protecting the interests of "Russia" and "Russians". The tight control that the Russian government has over it's media reinforces that view.
The reality is that Putin doesn't give a flying fig about the Russian people, or anyone else, what he cares for most is his own power, and the power of those that prop his administration up.
Unfortunately, too many people who are disgusted with the broken promises of progressive policies, the high cost of spreading democracy, the disenfranchised people who haven't been able to adapt to globalization, Putin is a symbol of that fight.
The reality is grimmer: they'd be the first to be lined up against the wall.