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the fallacy fallacy strawman false cause emotion SOCRATES ARISTOTIL things means that one is the cause of the other. Marty people canfuse correlation (things happening together ar in sequencel g than watching someone poorly argue a easier to present your own position as being reasonable Though a valid argument may sornetimes have an emotional aspect, one must be careful that emotion doesnt replace sensible logic. position one hods Much of the time a debate is won not because the victor is right, but because s/he is better at debating than their opponent valid but this kind of dishonesty serves to undemmine rational debate. Alter WIl said that we shoud pu more money into health and education Warren responded by saying that he was suprised that il hates our country Pointing to a fancy chart, Roger shows how temperatures have been rsing over the past few centuries whilst at the sarie tine the rumibers of pirates have Luke didn't want to eat his sheep's brains with chopped liver and brusse sprouts but his father told hirm to think abo the poor starving children in third world country wiho wereni't fortunate encugh to have any food at eat healthy food because it was popular, Alyse resoved to eat bacon doble much that he wants to leave it defenceless by cutting miirary spendng. decreasing:thus prates cool the world and globa Dad hominem personal slippery slope tu quoque translating as you too this falacy is The problem with this reasoring is that it avoids engaging with the issue at hand and instead shifts attention to baseless extreme hypotheticals. The ments of the original argumet are then tainted by unsubstantiated canjecture Ad hominem attacks can take the form of overtly attacking somebody, ar more subtly casting doubt on their character. The result of an ad hom attack can be to undemine sameane without actualy having to engage with their argument effective red herring because it takes the heat off the accused having to defend thernselves and shifts the focus back onto the accuser thernselves Complex subjects like biological evolution through natural selection require some anount of understanding of how they work before one is able to Coin Closet asserts that if we alow same-sex couples to marry, then the next thing we know wel be alowing people to marry their parents ther cars and After Saly presents an eloquent and compelling case for a more equtable tavation system Sam asks the audience whether we should beieve anything from a waman wiho isrit married, was once arrested, and smels a bit weird. The blue candidate accused the red candidate of committing the tu quoque falacy. The red candidate responded by accusing the blue candidate of the sane after which ensued an hour of back and forth criticism with not much Kirk drew a picture of a fish and a human and with effusive disdain asked Richard ambiguity question of proof Saying that the burden of proof lies not with the person making the claim, but with someone else to disprove. effective at deraling rational debates Politicians are often guity of using ambiguity to mislead and will later point how they were technicaly not outright lying if they come under scrutiny It's a Rather than appreciate the benefits of being abie to change one's mind through compelled to defend themselves and may appear flustered ar on the back foot. Edward Johns claimed to be psychic, but when his abilties were tested unde proper scientřic conditions they magicaly disappeared Edward explained this saying that one had to have faith in his abilities for them to work Grace and Helen were both romantically interested in Brad One day, with Brad sitting within earsh Grace asked tn an inquisitive tone whether Helen was Bertrand declares that a teapot is, at this very moment, in orbit around the Sun between the Earth and Mars, and that because no one can prove him wrong When the judge asked the defendant why he hadn't paid his parking fines said that he shoudnt have to pay them because the sign sald Fine for parking here' and so he naturaly presumed that it wold be fine to park there the gambler's fallacy bandwagon Oto authority composition ! scotsman divisi genetic Appealing to popularity or the fact that many people do on To appeal to prejudioes sumounding something's origin is another red herring instead to perceptions surrounding something's sorce or context Accused on the 6 oclock news of comuption and taking bribes the senator said The flaw in this argument is that the popularity of an idea has absotutely bearing on its validity. f it did, then the Earth would have made itself flat Much of the time experts have better information and understanding than others, but holding a position of someone s right After al, the highest medical authorities used to think that Often when something is true for the part it does also apply to the wihole, but because this isn't always the case it cant be presumed to be true. We must the be low, each spin of the wheel is itself entrely independent from the las Sharrus pointed a drunken finger at Sean and asoed hirr to explain how many people could believe in leprechauns it Sean however, had had a lew too many Ginness himself and fel off his chair Daniel was a precocious child and had a liking for logic He reasoned that atoms are invisible,and that he was made of atons and therefore invisible too. Angus declares that Scotsmen do not p sugar on their porridge, to which a Scotsman and puts sugar Not able to defend his position that evolution isn't true Bob says that he knows a scientist who aso questions evolution (and presumably isnt a primate) Untortunately despite his thiniy skils he lost the game of hide and go seek kow how very unrelable the media can 조question the anecdotal Osharpshooter the texas ne black or white to nature ground argument in which the conclusion is included possibilities, when in fact more possibilities exist. Also known as the false diemma this insidious tactic has the appearance foming a logical argument, but under doser senutinry it becomes evident that This logicaly inooherent argument often arises in situations where people have It's often much easier for people to believe someone's testimony as opposed are armost always more accurate than individual perceptions and experiences Jason said that that was all cool and everything but his grandfather smoked This talse cause fallacy is coined after a marksman shooting at bams and then painting bulseye targets around the spot where the most bulet holes appear Much of the time the truth does indeed le between two etreme points, but this can bias our thinking: sometimes a thing is smply urntrue and a compromise nabral but most of us agree that we donit think its a very good thing to be are more possibilities than the etherlor choice that also untrue Haf way betweern truth and a lie, is stil a lie Whilst rallying support for his the The word of Zorbo the Great is flawless and perfect We know this because it says so in The Great and Inflble Book of Zorbo's Best and Most Truest Things that are Definitely True and Should Not Ever Be Questioned The medicine man roled into town on his bandwagon offering various natural emedes such as very special plain water. He sald that it was only natural that people should be wary of artificial medicines such as antibiotics The makers of Sugarette Candy Drinks point to research showing that of the five countries where Sugarette drinks sel the most units three of them are the top ten healthiest countries on Earth, therefore Sugarette drinks are healthy Holly said that vaccinations caused autism in children but her scientifically wel-read friend Caleb said that this clairm had been debuniked and proven false Their friend Aice affered a comprornise that vaccinations cause sorne autism Leader told the people they were e cigarettes a day and lved until thou shalt not commit logical fallacies A logical fallacy is often what has happened when someone is wrong about something. It's a flaw in reasoning. Strong arguments are void of logical fallacies, whilst arguments that are weak tend to use logical fallacies to appear stronger than they are. They're like tricks or illusions of thought, and they're often very sneakily used by politicians, the media, and others to fool people. Don't be fooled! This poster has been designed to help you identify and call out dodgy logic wherever it may raise its ugly, incoherent head. If you see someone committing a logical fallacy online, link them to the relevant fallacy to school them in thinky awesomeness and win the intellectual affections of those who happen across your comment by appearing clever and interesting e.g. yourlogicalfallacyis.com/strawman This poster is published under a Creative Commons No Derivative Works license 2012 by Jesse Richardson. You are free to print copy, and redistribute this artwork includting printing and selling for profit with the binding proviso that you reproduce it in full so that others may share alike. This poster can be downloaded as a high resolution pdif from the website for printing at various sizes

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thou shalt not commit logical fallacies


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Uploaded Apr 18, 2013 at 03:50PM EDT

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